🖥 Operating Systems

How software manages hardware: processes, memory, files, and protection. Translated into runnable code and diagrams.

	Chapter
1.	Processes	A program in execution with its own state, context, and lifecycle	🖥
2.	Scheduling	Deciding which process runs next and for how long	🖥
3.	Threads and Concurrency	Lightweight execution within a process sharing the same address space	🖥
4.	Synchronization	Coordinating concurrent access to shared resources without corruption	🖥
5.	Deadlock	When processes wait forever in a cycle of held resources	🖥
6.	Memory Management	Translating virtual addresses to physical memory through paging and segmentation	🖥
7.	Virtual Memory	The illusion of infinite memory backed by disk and page replacement	🖥
8.	File Systems	Organizing persistent data into files, directories, and metadata	🖥
9.	I/O Systems	Moving data between CPU and devices via polling, interrupts, and DMA	🖥
10.	Protection and Security	Controlling who can access what through access matrices and encryption	🖥

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